Copyright by:A.THIEL 1998 2.draft(1999)summer 3.draft(1999/2000)winter
2.draft first published in print in:
"Glozel-Newsletter",vol.5/3(SIMMS,N.(Ed.)),Hamilton(New Zealand)1999
An inquery into a relational system of hate and helplessness.
SUMMARY:
Censorship being some (old) traditional system to resist changes that is using a very specific mix of following human emotions:hate and helplessness.We know that helplessness being an almost unbearable state of(emotional)being and since 1945 so many totally new matters having come into being we now see a rise in countering effects that try to stop accelerative processes.Since you canot really stop industry(money=power)this situation of being"wedged-into-between"conlinging interests is is inviting,seductive and close to select some sub-cultural cohort and here we have graffiti and especially their modern outcrops American graffiti(pieces,tags etc.)that are themselves optimally offering as object to be hated(projection).So here you`ll be introduced into the complex and buzzling system of interdependencies we can study so perfecly well via the Menetekels we have as"writing on walls".
What do we know about graffiti?
Graffiti originated due to man`s ability to express(communication)himself also via visualisation and among first products we have cave-art.All possible methods(we also have some prehistoric stencilling using tube-bones for spraying outlines...)and instruments having been used along with natural colors(clay,haematite,charcoal)and the scratched messages.In ancient litterature we find first meta-reflections to notice graffiti being something specific that sticks to the eye(eyecatcher).
Since ca. 200 years(from archeology)we definitely have graffiti-research and the tracks and traces of humans on public walls(Athens,Rome,Pompeii,Egypt etc.) have been salvaged and researched into by many specialists back 5000 years and showing that this(writing on walls)being some human natural constant.
Around 1968 a qualitative change took place that we can look at as aftereffects of 1945`s atomic-electronic revolution(psychological fallout) that intensified the accelerative impetus of modern technology that,in return,also helped to make graffiti(writing,Americal style)some global movement.
So now we know graffiti to be all inofficial messages done by persons as informations of a type that may be interpreted as"history from below"(counter-history,sub-cultures)since we know official history only accepting certain informations and especially today to be them"archeology of us".
Due to technological innovations we have a whole spectrum today ranging from(still old-fashioned)desktop-graffiti(school)to toilet-graffiti(latrinalia),tourists-graffiti(proskynemata)to American graffiti(spraycans!)and their derivates:on stickers,modern(multicolor)stencils,internet-graffiti,telex and teletype-graffiti(and related forms,engravings and scratchings(due to spraycan-sales ban=revenge)that multiplied damages tenfold(California) and other kinds of documents using electronic storage/retrieval systems and on all possible surfaces one may find/use.
This showing us the continual and developemental interchange related to actual(technological)living conditions (changes)and their reflections via visible messages.We also know them having been done allover the planet(ubiquity)even though we lack many studies at certain(hard to get at)places like:prisons,psychiatry,KZs,Gulags etc.Also you may find them at places where adults having difficulties to goto:sewer pipes etc.due to their sizes but children easily may enter.We also have very specific childrens-graffiti often done onto ground(ground,sand,dust,dirt-graffiti)that link them to sand-painting and snow-graffiti(eagle-shape)that reminds of ancient religious customs.Finally we know from personal reports and therapy sessions(art-therapy)and related sources that certain questions cannot be put into words but have to be"asked"via graffiti(childrens`crude sexual drawings)if circumstances don`t allow any speaking about such matters(taboos).
To be able to understand the real-also pseudo-religious(good/bad)background and the almost"crusade"-like arguments it being absolutely necessary to intensively study anti-graffiti URLs that are real hoards of very valuable informations and objects of science.
In contrast to"normal"definitions we cannot clearly state"graffiti are...XYZ"as this would not notice their specific qualities as RELATIONAL TOOLS which making necessary to say instead:"There are graffiti that have the function of........"and would omit their continual change(adaption)and creative use due to technologocal innovations that any definition now done would exclude for the future and/or make a re-writing(definition)necessary.
Modern graffiti(writing etc.)we know to be an almost solely male-dominated(99,5%,among ca. 13 000 names only ca.60 females...))field whosing we`re being faced with some sex-related behavior(ethology)and we know this being linked tio"rites du passage"and adolescence.Thus graffiti today being related to social matters(living conditions)and here especially being a mirror of social problems(slums,ghettos)and it is by no chance the modern developement started from New York and Los Angeles("Graffiti Verite,1997).
Graffiti(today)are reflections of the changing living-conditions(chances,opportunities)being visualized by an emphatic(artistically)cohort of young persons("feeling")owning specific and clearly detectable communicative(art-therapy,visualisation,form,color etc.)abilities thus them being a"gifted"class of persons that some specialists(?!)want to be classified as"dangerous criminals"(graffiti=hate=crime,NGIN,USA).
The class of persons with too much hate(unwanted children,surpluslives,narcississtically personalities etc.)directly using guns(destruction) instead of spray-cans(creativity aspect).
THE CENSORSHIP ON GRAFFITI:A contextual analysis
Trying to understand the cultural matrix of censorship(taboo,thought-control)here needs to look at backgrounds(especially:history)of property(legal,justice,influence)and educational matters(ideology,programming,indoctrination)and their interaction and mutual reenforcement(positive feedback)that finally ends in censorship on all levels including the very provocative aspect of it all.The fundamental principle is the installation of a "mental prison" you`re not being aware of.The total control of your"mindscape".
THE TELL-TALE SENTENCE:
If you`d accept the sentence:
"THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ART AND GRAFFITI IS PERMISSION
I`d have to tell you that most of art in history would never have been created as artists wouldn`t have been permitted to do so.Just to show you the power and influence from the side of anti-graffiti :psychological warfare.
For longest period of developement of mankind(ca.4 millions years)neither property(except:tools,clothes etc.)as we know now existed nor writing material having be available.If cave-man wanted to paint/draw there were cliffs,rocks and walls of caves,dust,sand and snow to make artificial marks resembling natural(animal)tracks.The writing material then and there being hard instruments(sticks,sones),fingers("maccaroni")clay(grey,yellow)haematite
(red)and charcoal(black)to externalize the imaginations and make the visualize on a surface.Thies means painting and drawing existed lonng before writing material and instruments as we know them now ever had been known/developed and the surfaces in used used to be collective property.Even in medieval Italy it was comon to have messages on the state of the state being put up openly(they even had some harassing neighbours`specific art"pittura infamante") and this,too being reflected in classical(Chinese)and European litterature.
PROPERTY:
We know that property(largescale,if any)originally had been linked with privileges and(on other side)heavy duties of the thus honoured persons.With the developement of states(modern type)we have a rise in"private"property(ownership)showing some interest in privileges but denial of duties which eventually led to monopolisation of the outer-walls of all buildings that represent a"forced architectural matrix"we ale have to move inside of.The use being solely to that of owners which denies communicative needs of rest of populaces(poverty).Tries in Germany(Spiess)to hire public billboards to put up political(left)messages turned out to be impossible...they did`t hire them to him thus being proof that certain messages not being communicable(censorship via money).
EDUCATION:
Part of the process of establishment of collectively shared prejudices is the generation of a general state of feeling to protect property at all levels.This fact being reflected in sentences(you can find in all modern languages(of the typology):"Fools names and fools faces are always seen in public places".This key-sentence definitely linking graffiti to property and ownership(and,of course,to its opposites).Without our notice("normally")we accept such messages(meta--programming)to be"right"in contrast to the"wrongs"of graffiti.An here we also notice the ubiquity and continual minimal acts of censorship and brain-washing(you accept without asking how come...)that eventuelly invites mental taboos and though-control.Even in scientific sectors we can find an almost total lack of informations on graffiti-research that is making"scientifically"prejudices:"vandalism"equally(censorship)possible(Rock-Art newsgroup).This,too being indicator of the omnipresence of subtle but manyfold influences that tell us graffiti being"unwanted influences".
GRAFFITI-CENSORSHIP:
Censorship being the unconscious(thought-control)and/or conscious application of methods to effect desired behavior by evading certain acts,matters,informations(repression) and/or thoughts and emotions(unwanted feelings)that have been(previously)stated to be unwanted,unacceptable and/or forbidden("bad")thus using some ethical/moral valuing-system aiming at the control of mayorities and the more and/or less forceful use of regulations that make you not to want certain informations and/or do certain acts and/or making it impossible to gat at them at all.It is the actual material,psychological and mental inhibition of certain(at other times and in other cultures)totally"normal" processes that here and now being unwanted and/or even forbidden(thought-control).This all spanning from thought-control("vanadalism" as projection and slander for graffiti)to hate-mail(invited at anti-graffiti sites,URLs)directed at specialists via laws(politics,legal system)to repressive technologies(night visors etc.)and/or use of electronic media and"security"matters to prevent and repress their(writing,graffiti,tags etc.)making,recognition,research,spread and publication(informations,facts,data).All methods here being used is being mirrored in names like"ART CRIMES"(USA,now the most famous site in internet with 2 millions of visitors/year..)that(ideological spectacles,indoctrination etc.)make some(unconscious)linkage from"crime"to"art"to finally sum up in(propaganda-sentences like):"The difference between art and graffiti is permission"(USA).A slandering,denouncing system has to be used to even extinquish any thoughts(mental taboos...) as to possible useful("good")aspects of writings on walls,some mental inhibitory system.The use of"bad sounding"expressions(negative naming) is working via(unconscious)associations(psychological warfare)making you(via intimitation)accept this type of"thought-control"by evasion of conflicts.All attempts of anti-graffiti specialists via censorship(on all levels of society)aiming at a(final)criminalisation of persons that find anything favourable in them(graffiti-research,publishers,art-specialists and-of course-writers themselves).The most generally used(psychological)method here is a pre-formed"definition"of what graffiti may be"They are NOTHING BUT..."vandalism etc.This sentence being some selffulfilling prophecy as none that may listen to that sentence(you`re actually being invited to share sides...)and accepts it("words that think for us",KLEMPERER(Germany)will even find any value in them as these(possible values)by the text already having been excluded automatically(verbal trap).All these attempts and influences inviting(weak)persons(seduction)willingness to also use violence against writers that(previously)have been denounced as"varmin"(criminal acts of defacing property)and this inviting a"hunt"for and of writers(some already having been killed).Thus a "psychological climate"(scapegoats,projections)of hate is being generated with the(known)results we read and see in media(imprisonment,fines etc.)The(invisible)influencing("intellecto-emotional infection")starting at school to be continued lifelong via all media aiming at total control of our emotions and thoughts(indoctrination,dictatorship).This incuding all tries to also influence(permutation,multiplication,"pulling strings")influential key-persons to invite them to side with persecutive motivations(property).This leading to innummerable infringements and/or even the deletion(sabotage)of informations in electronic systems(files deleted)and the use of hate-mail(an anti-graffiti web page.USA)that such places openly invite to(under cover of"democracy,freedom and free speech").The defenders of"democracy"here showing some of their real faces and letting down the"masks"a little.Censorship is inaugurating a clearly assymmetrical relational(parental)system that is unacceptable today and always(for psycho-logical reasons)will and must invite counter-reactions(provocative aspect)of very different(humor)qualities and quantities.Children at schools-on one side being invited to decorate school-walls wth their(beautiful)"naive childrens`paintings"and-a few years later-their comparable applicatio of form and color all of a sudden"criminal acts".We have pictures done by children via invitation of teachers(indoctrination like in former German Democratic Republic where I come from...)to thematize graffiti(of course,NOT any positive way)and selfsame children writing their messages("I hate teachers!")onto desktops to easy some of their pains("safety-valve-function").Afterwards these drawings being exibited(Kassel,Germany,public transportation system(KVG))as suble ways to influence other children(cohort-behaviour)all this showing the excellence of"repressive tolerance".We know childrens(naive)paintings being an influential psychological barrier for the(further)application of graffiti.Which means one of the"safety-vales"of human behaviour (pressure-cooker type)being closed and then teachers wondering on the increase of aggression ,hate and violence in their schools.....
PROVOCATION:
Since all attempts at censorship being a repressive system trying to influence,control and/or inhibit fundamental expressive needs of man these facts alone(in their summative effects)inviting resistance(globally,spread of writing)as they are acts of provocation that we now are able to state:censorship actually being the"motor"(repression)of this type of expression.In other words we know from graffiti-research that repressive systems(riots,revolutions,political changes etc.)actually invite the expression via writing on walls(murals)especially in poor countries(spray,paint being cheap,available).This making us understand and documents that these means(methods etc.)we have to pay attention at the interplay between inhibition of(repression) and graffiti and the causes that need to make man express himself(visualize,communication,externalisation,distance).In other words censorship being(actually)the cause(among other matters)and problem that censorship is aiming to prevent and thus will,has and must(in future)fail (again).It is possible to document and track that all tries here only intensified the production of graffiti and accelerated ,intensified such processes and finally made them become a global movement(writers scene international in all aspects).This too making us notice here censoship being some provocative medium that wants to make us bleieve it may be the solution but actually is the problem(propaganda,provocation)that is asking for more of the same(positive feedback)and offering no help/problem-solution at all.We have many similarities to"drug-control"(?!!)which has helped to make them(drugs)available almost at"kindergarten-level".The fact that graffit in all aspects already being at 50 billions of $$ business globally is showing us the financial importance and we can be shure that"graffiti-control"will work like"drug-control"and I sometimes having the impression anti-graffiti activities actually being manipulated by paint-industry.These"anti-graffiti"specialists(?!)even use graffiti in their function as attractors and eyecatchers themselves which is some noticable contradiction they do seem NOT notice.In other words even they cannot work without graffiti-typology and their influence being directly linked and related(mor and/or less)to the existence of graffiti.Here finally we come to the colliding interests between finances and property of different personages=politics.That we also find unjustified(GB,Simon Sunderland)finesand imprisonments for spraying (in ruines) also will and must(revenge)invite and provoke next escalatory level because here a violation of a feeling of what is right and not also being violated(preventive intimitation).Any look at countries with heavly political problems(Northern Ireland,Palestine)will show you walls being covered with anti-messages via graffiti the(ruling)powers so much try to suppress without any success.We can say that graffiti being a"political thermometre"to test the problem/conflict-level of a society with(quite exactly).
The(rather)helpless tries at control in modern states where we see a growing lack of control(diffusion of state)and police("drug-control")being in dire need of"results"invite the abuse of"writers"(sprayers)as scapegoats to show that"security forces"still being worth their money and/or even need to increase their numbers.It is obvious that any tackling of the"burning problems"(organzied crime)would be much too dangerous so here coming graffiti in handy to show the "positive results".And-besides-acid rain inflicting much,much more damage onto buildings and you hear nothing about it.Not to talk about environmental problems.The political propaganda being obvious and it is striking that after downfall of communist countries all of asudden other countries haven increasing"security problems".Now,the"outside enemy"having gone there being psychological need for another"enemy":Writers(of graffiti).And from them to intellectuals is only a small step......
A LOOK AT COUNTS,FACTS,NUMBERS:
It is making much sense to know the(hidden)interests BEHIND the anti-graffiti motivation and here the enormous FINANCIAL aspect of COMMERCE may raise some questions you`re invited to ASK YOURSELF:"How come?!"
And next question(in line of order resulting from here)would be to make some surmisings on the probability and plausibility of effects of THIS very(specific)"anti-graffiti-policy"that-so far-only and documentably ESCALATED the problems,raising costs all the time and leaving some impression their try at "PREVENTION" actually being a REPRESSIVE attempt inviting MORE OF THE SAME.
A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE:
1945:atomic-electronic revolution
ca.1968:walls in many industrialized countries being covered with inscriptions
1971:article(New York)on TAKI 183
REMOVAL COSTS OF CITIES:
New York 1970:................300 000 $$
.................1971:................600 000
.................1972:.............1 300 000
.................1973:.............2 700 000
.................1974:.............4 000 000
.................1975:.............7 000 000
.................1976:............10 000 000
.................1977:............11 000 000
.................1978:............15 000 000
total(so far):..................150 000 000
-------------------------------------------------
Stockholm 1979:..............2 355 000 Crowns
.................1980:..............2 390 000
.................1981:..............2 722 000
...................1982:............2 857 000
...................1983:............2 552 000
...................1984:............2 480 000
...................1985:............3 029 000
...................1986:............6 642 000
...................1987:...........14 746 000
...................1988:...........27 115 000
...................1989:...........27 115 000
...................1990:...........30 000 000
..................................................................................
München.....1990............1 800 000(vandalism)Marks
...................1991:...........1 900 000
...................1992:...........2 200 000
...................1993:...........2 000 000
...................1994:...........1 800 000
...................1995:...........1 900 000
...................1996:...........1 800 000
...................1997:...........2 100 000
..................................................................
Chemnitz(Saxony,D)
1996/1997:........................50 000 Marks
1997/1998:.......................255 000
1998/1999:.......................632 000
.....................................................................
London(per year):...............8 millions(Pounds)
San Jose(per year)..............8,6 millions $$
Los Angeles:......................150 000 000 $$
Kassel(D)..........................240 000 Marks
Denver(1990)....................350 000-1 000 000 $$
Chicago(1993)....................13 000 000
London(1997).....................3 500 000(Pounds)
.........................................................................
graffiti-removal(USA)
1997:..............................5-7 billions of $$
1998...............................7 billions
.....................................................................
number(global)of"writers"(estimation):1 million
sprayers in Germany(estimation):150 000
Berlin graffiti/writing scene:10 000-25 000
......................................................................
commercial aspect in and with graffiti/writing:
1960:...........................nonexistent
1970:...........................0,5 billion $$
1980:...........................5 billions
1995:..........................15 billions
1996:..........................10 billions
1997:..........................30 billions
1998:..........................40 billions
1999:..........................50 billions $$
2000:..........................rising tendency
PREVENTIVE POLITICS:
Looking at the above listed numbers and facts you may be reminde to"drug-control"which is showing a comparable image where international organizations can`t prevent them as there being much too much money in it.So we can say that hitherto tried"prevention"being a total failure.
And it sticks to the eye that such policies actually seem to INCREASE the problems.
PSYCHOLOGY:
The act of censoring being by itself a reflection of aims at dominance(politics,power,totalitarian aspect)thus making an ideological division(good/bad,polarisation)necessary whereas by power fo definition(might) censors being"the "good"guys" and the argumentation here(enemy-production,anti,contra,projection)becoming an impasse at all tries to counter-arguments(pro graffiti)increasingyl becoming impossible and being impeded(the"truth"being dictated here....).This starting some(automated)divisional,inimical-separational(apartheid)process that may become of some accelerative quality(more of same)as it is inviting the identification with aggressor("good guys")here being powerful.This then not only starting but reenforcing splitting and disintegrational(fragmenation)tendencies already being some large problem in"modern"societies that invites the creation of"enemies,terrorists and criminals"one side needing to fight against to feel good.Such processes(history)often ending in open riots(Watts)and wars(revolutions etc.)Tries to monopolize truths have shown to be impossible in history but-nevertheless-we always have new tries at old matters(dictatorship,ideology ,the"true faith"etc.).Tries where one cohort of persons with"weak"psychological(personality)setups being unable to stand strain and distress of changes above a certain level of tension(ambivalence)that being a fundamental aspect of(especially modern)life via coping and adaptional processes.We find censors to be persons with fanatic personality("fundamentalist")often(today)arguing with pseudo-religious(political)terms/words on their"crusades"against"writing"(graffiti)as if such acts of application of one layer of color onto another (looking at pure material aspects..)was an act of the"Antichrist".Thus their interests,motivation and arguments(?!)to"eradicate the stain"may be understood....Here some simplistic view of reality permitting them to draw simple divisional lines where complex problems prevent simple answers they so very much would like to work on and with but cannot due to intellecto-emotional abilities(stupidity).Their tries being doomed from teh moment of starting and thus inviting hate and the projection of their(inherent)mistakes to the outside(enemies=writers)and it all kindling their tries even more.We know from reports on US-Army(Germany,"Der Spiegel")that they have a specific(psychological)squad to read toilet walls(latrinalia) in orde to prevent racial conflicts inside the army.This fact alone showing the(hidden)use,influence and importance of graffiti and being(again)mirror of their ubiquity and importance in and for a normal life.None,in sch a system,seems to be able to understand anything about the tension-relieving values of joking and humor as can be found in graffiti,too and the importance of the"safety-valve function"of them in special.The goal seems to be the intensification of some rightious system to further an outbreak of open(civil)war but always stating the opposite.
Persons that don`t want to know(insight)anything about their own ambivalences and(psychological)needs of projections(enemy-picture)will and must construct other"dangers"and generate a public climate of"invisible dangers and threats"to arouse and intensify(unconscious)fears of other persons to be able to present themselves as"saviours of civilisation"and asking for privileges(McCarthy)in order to be able to"eradicate the stain"and safe mankind from the"dangerous infections"of the"Enemy".
GRAFFITI=REACTION TO CENSORSHIP:ESCAPE
From all we know now we can say that graffiti (writing on walls)and comparable products of human mind being outcrops of boredom and counter-tries against already existing censorship.They visualize and externalize specific(repressed)aspects in acts of self-liberation and we should not forget the most influential graffiti Biblical MENETEKEL that transported a classical POLITICAL MESSAGE to an ancient king(Belsazzer):
"Be and rule like a king and not like a"social idiot".
And we all know what became of him.Hid did NOT respect the warning......
TERMINOLOGY:
We have a specific word-use("Sprach-Regelung")in sector censorship that is maximizing pejorative terms in relations to undesired acitivities/products(graffiti,writing,spraycans).This meaning all words used here to name these activities must have negative sound:"vandalism,scribbling,defacing,scrawls,uglymarks,smearing,anal traits and motives,art crimes,graffiti=hate-crime,terrorists,criminal activities,destruction of property"and so on.A plain list of these terms showing the intent:negative valuing by wording,but that is not(yet)enough.Alls persons,sciences that also are being related to graffiti and/or work with them also becoming included into that"realm of the Evil"herewith"invented/generated".The often in use term"vandalism"being some beautiful example of how prejudices being generated.Here the name of a migrating people at Roman Empire times defeating this empire before vanishing in North Africa into history to be never heard of again.Thus the name of a small victorious populace that dared to attack and conquer Rome having been turned into the opposite and having become a slandering expression being worked by the"identification with the mighty"(Roman Empire)that has been object of identification to European scholars for centuries(Latin being" lingua franca"..).This teaching a lesson on the importance of might:turn matters"upside down"(reversal to opposite)almost at will.
AMBIVALENCE:
Ambivalence being some fundamental human emotion and state of being which cannot be changed,gotten around with and/or avoided but must be accepted(natural constant)and tolerated(stress,pain,qualms etc.)and we know them(ambivalence)being the driving power behind all creative acts and activities.And we also know but very few persons being able and7or willing to accept that oscillating emotional state of being that is so hard to stand and needs aduls psychology(standing tensions)to be handled/managed.Among psychologcal aspects ambivalence playing most important role because basic motivation to start censorhip being inaugurated by this very ambivalent feelings(unconscious,projected) that directly led to the many ambivalences we already found in graffiti and in censorship(naturally)itself and also will be detected in the management of ambivalence,too.We have cases where police and/or(other)repressive forces/agencies/institutions(in their helplessness..)offer"free walls"(to writers)trying to curb graffiti("bribery")and on the other side persecuting writers if they did spraying at other places and by this policy showing it to be some excellent example of the inherent ambivalences/contradictions and double-binds none may get around by no method.Legal graffiti/writing done at Los Angeles(Venice Pit,personal mail by Bob BRYAN 1998)to redecorate the place afterwards(writing finished)the pieces of art having been censored due to content of these pieces which clearly being some exceptional double-bind(message)of a rare kind and showing the fuzzyness of these "specialists".where litterally one hand doesn`t know what the other is doing.Similar examples can be fond,too,in other countries(Switzerland,Germany)and cities in the same manner:legal/illegal graffiti in one city and all of it managed by identical persons.The fact that walls here being"free"to write onto and next one(owned by same owner...)forbidden showing the total arbitary aspect of the whole matter and this,again and alone,being another cause to resist and spray just in spite.....An aspect we already met at schools with graffiti and the"naive childrens paintings"which were useful examples at repressive tolerance.These ways we know,too,censorship being only one aspect in the divisional fights(property,poverty,politics)and that we`re being faced here with fundamental(political)implications and processes.Most important aspects of the ambivalent(oscillating)aspects of graffiti(and their censorship and all contradictions originating from here)is the financial side covering billions of $$/year in all industries from paint-factories to advertisement,print-media,publication and mass-communication(film,tv).At moment it is up at 50 billions per year.Any field offering such huge profits never can be successfully really be controlled nor ever will.The tries at sale-bans (spraycans to adolescents)only bringing about an increase of damages(glass,scratched)like we know from California as you always can and find other ways for visualized expression,ths here clearly showing aspects of revenge.The different tries at intensification(that always must make spraying show to be"most dangerous"is inviting other restrictions:from inhibition of car-driving/license away)to higher penalties,beating (parents)their children,curfews, all imaginable kinds of repressive methods having been installed and tried but not really working as such methods invite human creativity and are perfeclty apt to further increase the problems between the generations(age-split)but forcibly intensifying the psychological climate that is integral part of a working cersoring-system:polarisation:friend/enemy,the"vandal"and the lawabiding democratic citizen.
EXPRESSION:
Graffiti-censorship as graffiti-prevention is being wedged-in-between basic human communicative needs to express oneself via externalisation,projection and visualisation(arts)on one side amd financial/legal(property,ownership,dominance etc.)on the other one which is posing some unsoluble question(mission impossible.double-bind):
You cannot successfully inhibit such fundamental matters is the final result(aside from the money one can make here....)and lecture of mankind and result of censorship in history in special.The more you try the more adverse reactions you`re asking for and inviting(provocation).
RELATIONAL ASPECTS:
A look at the interactional matrix between censor and censored pupulace showing it to be some almost"Biblical"theme:Strong and unloved father educating equally unwanted/unwilling children.The relation is of an perverse type where both sides are being linked(bonding)to each other by strongest negative emotions that have some powerful influence.It is of a forced type(anancastic) where no side(probably)-chances for changes offered-would like any continuation if they knew some way out.Their relation being of a very neurotic,sadist/masochist type where perfection of control seems to be tantamount ideal resembling a closed communicative system(dictatorship)we know from history being doomed to fail despite all attempts.The system sticks to the mind of a mutual distrusting system where all persons have to be continually on their guard expecting next"attack"but it still not being some openly declared civil war,just one level below....
No wonder via writing on walls mankind has at all times looked for ways to establish other communicative lines(also of resistance)and we may keep in mind one of them stating matters openly(Germany 1995):"Ihr habt die Macht aber wir haben die Nacht"
.......You have the might but we have the night.......
which is transporting a double message:helplessness and threat,actually meaning leave(us kinds)alone.Don`t tighten control and/or pressure any more or an outbreak of open hate must be result.
ANCIENT=SAFE=GOOD:
Another contradiction turning up if we consider the role of ancient and/or medieval graffiti:They are being considered worth(and inqueries by archeology since 220 years)whoch means that those institutes that research here already having been spending millions of money in all currencies and matters still going on.Wall-inscription from Athens,Rome,Pompeii,Herculaneum-only to name the most famous-can be found in many publication....only"normal"people don`t know/read them.Helen TANZER`s famous book from 1939"The common People of Pompeii"being among the most well known here and cited in litterature......And many side-aspects of realities of people that liven then and there only being known today because those inscriptions/graffiti have been salvaged AND,for most of history and prehistory writing-material did not exist except OUTER WALLS(from caves to buildings)and have been publicly used...say,about 40 000 years.
CONTEXT:
Any inquery and/or attempt to understand the actual goings on without some context-analysis(unemployment,environment etc.)and the interrelations will not be able to offer results that might make you understand what is happening less find out the intricate interrelations that influence our behaviour in micro-and/or macro levels.Knowing how a city may convert some disctricts into"inimical territory"(distress)and the reactions thereof(among:graffiti)and how come needs also looking especially at all levels of the workings of social worlds and the differences in possibilities(chances,opportunities,education)to partake in life and or being(automatically)excluded as one out of the(internationally) growing cohort of"surpluslives".We know that"unwanted children"for their lifetime may take revenge on society(social uterus)that did not welcome them at their coming.
Of course many aspects of censorship hard to proof and ranging from publishers not wanting to make books on the subject to bookstores rejecting the sale of graffiti-publications,the destruction of legal walls by"anti-graffiti-fighters",all the outlawing-propaganda going on permanently,blackbooks confiscated,legal art done by writers afterwards declared illegal and any infringement you may imagine here including press-articles being distorted beyond recognition(reversal to the opposite).You even might find people being afraid to discuss it via @-mail fearing their phones tapped and mail read by secret services.This anticipating behaviour already being result of the pro-censorship propaganda working since years. All the"normal madness"going on each day and many people never finding out......
CENSORSHIP AND COMPLEXITY:
A closer look at the complexity of modern life and the prerequisites to be able to cope with the problems arising due to socio-technological acceleration showing that censorship being the most unfit tool imaginable.To be able to find ways of problem-solving(creativity)needs free and uncensored/unhindered access at all available informations and if you look around and see how data are being hoarded and"protected"you can see we still being"caveman with atomic-bomb"in hands.
So we may be able to see some centrail trait in human behavior that is deeply ambivalenced and-maybe as Arthur Koestler states-man could turn out to be some"mistake/error of nature".The relation of persons being able to really understand and those(masses)that exhibit caveman-behaviour is increasing and I see no way to change that situation due to inherent contradictory behavioural patterns.
In an open(communicative)system to try to install"closed circles"(secrecy)will not,never has abd cannot work as there always are some details that must and will"seep out".Like you cannot construct some container to keep atomic-energy"secure"you cannot prevent informations from spreading.You may slow it down,shure,but only for some time.The more high-complex products being made the more "security" being necessary that is directly woring counter-wise to the needs of and for free access to all available informations and these contradictory porcesses might-ine the end-bring about a breakdown due to inherent contradictions.So we can clearly see the SPLITTING processes being inaugurated here that we may put down ins ome law:
The BACKSIDE of any PROGRESS must be some REGRESS.
Or,in other words,the more "goodies" the more dangers there must be.This is inevitable as we have had to find out with atomic energy.A great "promise" being threat to survival of living beings on this planet.
What we clearly can see ist the growth of collective paranoid behaviour,how distrust is creeping in everywhere whch is undermining all our lives.
GRAFFITI/WRITING ON PLAYTHINGS:
There even are playthings with graffiti-writing typology on them.Germany`s famous MÄRKLIN-play-train factory sold graffiti-train around 1995/1996,but in 1998 this train is not any longer available in catalogue.We have a graffiticar from PLAYMOBIL(also Germany)and I know about at least one electronic game(Konami)that is about writing(Rakuga-Kids).From indirect indicators like to VANISHING of certain playthings(graffiti-train)we can deduct certain powerful interests"pulling strings behind the curtains".
THE"OTHER SIDE":
No understanding of the importance and influence of the"brain-washing activities"in this context could be possible if you`d not study the pseudo-argumentation of and from the "anti-graffiti sources".For ths purpose I listed their URLs down below to help you gain the necessary informations to become able to make yourself known to the style,method and technique how hate(via:projections)is able to turn matters upside down and invite people to "shoot with guns at sparrows"
ETHOLOGY,PSYCHOLOGY,BEHAVIOR and so on...
Adolescence having been and being(also:in future)a time when"symbolic transgression"(doing of forbidden things)is a prerequisite of coming of age and growing up.Writing(on walls)and graffiti being the acts of"symbolic violence"today and we should never forget that a spraycan represents a"symbolic weapon"but is of a fundamental different category compared to a real gun:almost a plaything.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Litterature:
ABEL,Ernest L./BUCKLEY,Barbara:"Toward a sociology and psychology of graffiti",Westport 1977(ISBN 0-8371-9475-X)
AMAN,R.A.:"Maledicta,the international journal of verbal aggression",Waukesha/Santa Monica 1977ff(ISSN 0363-3659)
BIBEL(DIE):Belsazar,Menetekel
BOSMANS,Bart/THIEL,Axel:"Guide to graffiti-research",Gent 1995/96,ISBN 90-802903-1-9
BRACHT,Udo:"Gestörte psychosoziale Verhältnisse im Spiegel von Schulbankgraffiti-Erstellung eines exemplarischen Bildinventars,ein Beitrag zur psychoanalytischen Schultheorie und Gruppendynamik",Kassel 1982(dissertation)
BRUNST,T.:"BGS jagt legale Graffiti-Sprayer",IN:"Unbequem"(no.38),Hamburg 1999(pp.32-33)
BRUNST,T.:"Presseerklärung zum Übergriff von Mitarbeitern des Sicherheitsdienstes"Se-
curitas"gegen Graffiti-Sprayer"Oz"in Hamburg"(via:e-mail,11-10-99),1999
BUNDESANSTALT FÜR MATERIALFORSCHUNG UND-PRÜFUNG(Hg.):"Frei-
bewitterungsgutachten auf Naturstein",Berlin 1995
BUNDESANSTALT FÜR MATERIALFORSCHUNG UND-PRÜFUNG(Hg.):"Zu-
sammenfassende Beurteilung der Antigraffiti-Systeme AGSB 1,2 und 5 im Hinblick auf Wasserdampfdiffusionswiderstand und Reinigungswirkung",Berlin 1998
BUNDESGERICHTSHOF:"AZ 5 StR 166/79-BGHSt 29.129(13-11-1979),Karlsruhe 1979
BUNDESMINISTERIUM DES INNERN:"Verfassungsschutzbericht 1987",Bonn 1988
" " 1988,Bonn 1989
" " 1989,Bonn 1990
" " 1990,Bonn 1991
" " 1991,Bonn 1992
" " 1992,Bonn 1993
" " 1993,Bonn 1994
" " 1994,Bonn 1995
" " 1995,Bonn 1996
" " 1996,Bonn 1997
" " 1997,Bonn 1998
" " 1998,Bonn 1999
BUREAU OF THE BUDGET-CITY OF NEW YORK(Ed.):"Graffiti prevention project",New York 1972
BUREAU OF THE BUDGET-CITY OF NEW YORK(Ed.):"Costs for graffiti to the city of New York",New York 1972
CAVAN,S.:"The great graffiti-wars of the late 20th century",San Francisco 1998
CLEAN LASERSYSTEME GMBH(Hg.):"Laserstrahl-Reinigungsgerät",Aachen 1998
CASTELMAN,Craig:"Getting up",Cambridge 1982(ISBN 0-262-03089-6)
COARELLI/LA ROCCA/DE VOS(Hrsg.):"Pompeii-archäologischer Führer",Bergisch-Gladbach 1990(ISBN 3-404-64121-3)
COFFIELD,F.:"Vandalism&graffiti-the state of the art",London 1991(ISBN 0-903319-56-X)
COOPER,Martha/CHALFANT,Henry:"Subway art",London 1990(ISBN 0-500-27320-0)
CSIKSZENTMIHALYI,Mihaly:"Flow",Stuttgart 1992(ISBN 3-608-95783-9)
DAGRIN,Bengt:"Klotter",Falun 1982(ISBN 91-32-42022-6)
DEUTSCHER BUNDESTAG:"Stenographischer Bericht,30.Sitzung(Plenarprotokoll 14/30),Bonn (15-03-99),1999
EBELING-VERSICHERUNG:"Anti-Graffiti Versicherung",Hamburg 1998
EIBL-EIBESFELD,Irenäus:"Die Biologie des menschlichen Verhaltens-Grundriss der Humanethologie",München 1986(2.)ISBN 3-492-02687-7
ELKIND,D.:"Das gehetzte Kind",München 1991(ISBN 3-8225-0159-X)
FALA-WERK(Hg.):"Einer,der etwas gegen Graffiti hat",Werbematarial(A 4),Isernhagen
FERRELL,James:"Crimes of style"New York 1993(ISBN 0-8153-0810-8)
FÖRDERVEREIN PLUS E.V.(Hg.):"Noffiti",Berlin 1997
GADSBY,J.M.:"Looking at the writing on the wall:a critical reviewed taxonomy of graffiti",VIA:Art Crimes 1997(http://www.graffiti.org/)
GETIFIX(Hg.):"Graffiti-Entferner,wir haben die Lizenz zum Wegwischen",Hamburg 1998
GRIMM,C.:"Verfassungsrechtliche und rechtspolitische Anmerkungen zum Phänomen der Wandparolen",IN:"Bayerisches Verwaltungsblatt",(5),München 1984(pp:134-140)
GRIMMER,A.E.:"Keeping it clean",Washington(DC),ca.1990
HEIBER,B./HEIBER,H.:"Die Rückseite des Hakenkreuzes",München 1993(ISBN 3-423-02967-6)
HESSISCHES MINISTERIUM DES INNERN(Hg.):"Hinsehen-der erste mutige Schritt",Wiesbaden 1999(100 000 copies)
HIP HOP E.V.:"Graffiti-Projekt:Abschlussbericht",Hamburg 1998
HIP HOP E.V.:"Sachbericht`98",Hamburg 1999
HESSISCHES LANDESKRIMINALAMT(Hg.):"Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik Hessen 1997",Wiesbaden 1998
HUISKES,Manfred:"Die Wandinschriften des Kölner Gestapogefängnisses im EL-DE-Haus 1943-1945",Köln 1982(ISBN 3-412-1182-1)
IOZZI,O.:"Di un graffito Palatino",Roma 1898
JACOBSON,Staffan:Den spraymalade bilden"Lund 1996(ISBN 91-628-2186-5)
http://travel.to/graffiti/
JOSCHU(Hg.):"Abteilung Graffiti-Schutz",Montabaur 1998
KA-TZETNIK 135633:"Shivitti-eine Vision",München 1991(ISBN 3-88897-051-2)
KLEMPERER,Viktor:"LTI",Leipzig 1974(ISBN 3-379-00124-2)
KÖLNER ANTI SPRAY AKTION(Hg.):"Infoblatt",Köln 1998
KÖLNER ANTI SPRAY AKTION(Hg.):"Infoblatt",Köln 1999
KÖNIG,Marie E.P.:"Am Anfang der Kultur-die Zeichensprache des frühen Menschen",Frankfurt 1981(ISBN 3-548-36061-0)
KPI MÜNCHEN-SÜD(Hg.):"Arbeitsgruppe Sprayer/Kratzer",München 1996
KRAUSS,F.S.:"Anthropophyteia",Leipzig 1910-1914(10 vols.)
KREUZER,Peter:"Das Graffiti-Lexikon",München 1986(ISBN 3-497-35068-5)
KURTEN,Björn:"Der Tanz des Tigers",München 1984(ISBN 3-453-31064-0)
LANDAU,Erika:"Kreatives Erleben",München 1984(ISBN 3-497-01005-7)
LANDESKRIMINALAMT NIEDERSACHSEN(Hg.):"Sachbeschädigung:Graffiti/Tags/
Styles",Hannover 1996
LANDESKRIMINALAMT SACHSEN(Hg.):"Polizeiliche Kriminalprävention-Erkenntnisse zu präventiven und repressiven Massnahmen gegen unerlaubte Graffiti",Dresden 1997
LANDESKRIMINALAMT THRÜRINGEN(Hg.):"Graffiti"(Landeskriminalblatt 1),Erfurt
1997
LOMAS,H.D.:Graffiti:some observations and speculations",IN:Psychoanalytical review,no.68,New York 1973(pp:71-89)
LOPEZ,Steve:"Third and Indiana",New York 1994
MAISENBACHER,Christoph:"An die Wand gesprüht-Schablonengraffiti",Frankfurt 1988(ISBN 3-596-27575-X)
MÜLLER,Michael(Hg.):"Der Sprayer von Zürich",Reinbeck 1984(ISBN 3-499-15530-3)
MÜLLER-BRAUNSCHWEIG,Hans:"Die Funktion der Symbolbildung für den Spannungsausgleich in psychopathologischen und kreativen Prozesses"Frankfurt 1975(dissertation)
NAEGELI,Harald:"mein sprayen-mein revoltieren",(2.)Bern 1983(ISBN 3-7165-0337-1)
NEUMANN,B.:"AGSB",Berlin 1998
NEUMANN,B.:"Dekontaminol",Berlin 1998
NIEDERSÄCHSISCHES MINISTERIUM FÜR WIRTSCHAFT,TECHNOLOGIE UND VERKEHR(Hg.):"Stop-Verhinderung und Eindämmung von Farbschmierereien",Han-
nover 1998
NILSEN,D.F.:"Graffiti vs.doublespeak-the anti-establishment strikes back",IN:English journal,no.67(2),Chicago 1978(pp:20-25)
NORTHOFF,T.:"Schöpfwerk als Text an der Wand",IN:"stadtpläne"(1/99),Wien 1999
NORTHOFF,T.:"Wanderung durch Linz als Volksbuch",IN:"Blickpunke"(1),Wien 1999
OETTERMANN,S.:"Zeichen auf der Haut-die Geschichte der Tätowierung in Europa",Frankfurt 1980
PAHNER,Phillip D.:"A psychological perspective of the nuclear energy controversey",Laxenburg 1976(IIASA)RM-76-67
POLAROID SCHOOL OF LAW ENFORCEMENT(Ed.):"download-curriculum 1999
http://www.polaroid.com/
POLIZEIPRÄSIDIUM GIESSEN(Hg.):"AGAS",Giessen 1998
PPS INTERSERVICE(Hg.):"PPS 20 Oberflächenschutz",Geroldswil(CH),1998
POLIZEIPRÄSIDIUM MÜNCHEN(Hg.):"Graffiti in München",München 1996
RAMMELLZEE:graffti/writing-article VIA:ART CRIMES(http://www.graffiti.org/)1997
RAMIREZ,S./CABEZAS,O./TELLEZ,D.M.:"La insurreccion de las paredes"Nicaragua 1984(ISBN 3-87294-258-1)
SCHLACHTHOF WIESBADEN(Hg.):"Pressedokumentation",Wiesbaden 1999
SCHWENDTER,Rolf:"Theorie der Subkultur",Frankfurt 1978(ISBN 3-8108-0071-6)
SEIDEL,Markus H.:"Strassenkinder in Deutschland-Schicksale die es nicht geben dürfte",Berlin 1996(ISBN 3-548-36651-1)
SENATSVERWALTUNG BERLIN(Hg.):"Schülerbrief Graffiti",Berlin 1997
" "Elternbrief Graffiti",Berlin 1997
" "Anne-babalara mektup",Berlin 1997
SHAKUR,S.(Scott,K.):"The autobiography of an L.A.gang-member",New York 1993(ISBN
0-87113-535-3)
SIEGL,Norbert:"Kommunikation am Klo-Graffti von Frauen und Männern",Wien 1993(ISBN 3-85115-178-X)
SPIESS,Manfred:"Denk-Anschläge",Bensheim 1980(ISBN 3-921450-87-X)
STADTWERKE MÜNCHEN(Hg.):"Studie Vandalismus,Schmierschriften und Graffitis"(5.)
München 1998
STAMPA ALTERNATIVE/IGTIMES(Eds.):"Writing from the underground-(r)-evolution of aerosol linguistics",Viterbo 1996(ISBN 88-7226-318-2)
SUNZI:"Die Kunst des Krieges",München 1998(ISBN 3-426-27081-4)
SUTER,Beat:"Graffiti",Frankfurt 1994(3.)ISBN 3-89501-032-4
THIEL,A./BEYER,J.:"Grafitti in Kassel-ein Bilder-Buch",Kassel 1981(ISBN 3-923548-00-1)
THIEL,A./THIEL,M.M./BEYER,J.:"Sprüche und Kommunikation aus Damen und Herrentoiletten",Kassel 1982(ISBN 3-923548-01-X)
THIEL,Axel:"Einführung in die Grafitti-Forschung/introduction to graffiti-research",Kassel 1983ff(30 vols.)
THIEL,Axel:"Grafitti-Bibliographie/graffiti-bibliography(3.)Kassel 1983(ISBN 3-923548-33-8)
THIEL,Axel:"Introduction to graffiti-research",VIA:http://www.graffiti.org/axel/index.html(1997)
THIEL,Axel:"The psychological(unconscious)aspects of writers motivation",VIA:http://www.graffiti.org(axel/index.html
THIEL,Axel:"Graffiti-lexicon",VIA:http://www.graffiti.org/axel/index.html
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part1)Kassel 1997,ISBN 3-923548-95-8
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part 2)Kassel 1998,ISBN 3-923548-51-6
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part 3),Kassel 1998,ISBN 3-923548-31-1
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part 4),Kassel 1998/1999,ISBN 3-923548-41-9
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part 5),Kassel 1999,ISBN 3-923548-66-4
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part 6),Kassel 1999,ISBN 3-923548-
THIEL,Axel:"Vocabulary of graffiti-research"(part 7,in prep.),Kassel 1999/2000
THIEL,Axel:"Graffiti-Fanzines,eine komparative Übersicht",IN:HUSSLEIN,Uwe/BORNOWSKI,Ralf(Hg.):Fandom Research-Reader und Index deutschsprachiger Fanzines",Mainz 1997(ISBN 3-930559-38-2)pp:20-30
THIEL,Axel:"The psychological(unconscious)motivation of writers"(part 2),Kassel 1998
THIEL,Axel:"Writers names`international list",Kassel 1998
THIEL,Axel:"Female writers names`international list",Kassel 1998
THIEL,Axel:"Dead writers names`international list",Kassel 1998
THIEL,Axel:"Characters international list",Kassel 1998
THIEL,A.:"The psychological(unconscious)motivation of writers,on the background of making graffiti"(part 2),IN:"Glozel-Newsletter"(5(2),Hamilton(New Zealand)pp:1-8(ISSN 1173-2873)
THIEL,A.:"An inquery into the beginnings of cave-art",IN:"Glozel-Newsletter"(5(1),pp:18-22,
Hamilton(New Zealand)1999,(ISSN 1173-2873)
THIEL,A.:"Introduction to graffiti-research",IN:"Octarine",St.Lucia(Australia)1999,p:30
THIEL,A.:"Graffiti,writing and the need to communicate",IN:"Apocalypse Playground",no.
18,Shepherdstown(USA)1999,p:7
THIEL,A.:"Jugend-Graffiti-Zukunft-Vorgeschichte",Kassel/Hofgeismar 1999
THIEL,A.:"Jugend-Graffiti-Zukunft-Vorgeschichte",IN:"Kassel Blackbooks",no.2,Kassel 1999,pp:29-30
THIEL,A.:"Jugend-Graffiti-Zukunft-Vorgeschichte",AT:
http://users.aol.com/archive1/HOG.html
THIEL,A.:"Wandfreiheiten",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Wie alles anfing",Kassel/Chemnitz 1999
THIEL,A.:"Von der Wand aufs Papier"Graffiti Art Chemnitz,Kassel/Chemnitz 1999
THIEL,A.:Das Modell"Zero Tolerance"als ideologische Krücke",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Basic inventory of ubiquitious graffiti:Germany",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Characters`international list",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Busted writers`helpline",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Writers names`international list",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Crews names`international list",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Female writers names`international list",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A."Dead writers names`international list",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Graffiti-categories",Kassel 1999
THIEL,A.:"Keyword-overview",AT:
http://users.aol.com/archive1/A.html 1999
THIEL,A.:"The psychological(unconscious)motivation of writers(part 2),AT:
http://users.aol.com/archive1/Aa.html 1999
THIEL,A.:"Youth-future-graffiti",AT:
http://jdhauser.virtualave.net/c04 1999
............................................/c05
THIEL,A.:"Warum writer überhaupt Grafitti machen",IN:"Kassel Blackbooks",Kassel 1999,pp:31-33
THOMAS,Nils:"Graffiti als Äusserungen von subkulturellen Jugendgruppen oder die Macht der Zeichen",Dresden 1996(Diplomarbeit)
TOBER,Claudia:"Die Sprayerszene:eine soziologische Untersuchung einer jugendlichen
Subkultur",Münster 1995(Diplomarbeit)
TOTH,M.:"Tunnel-Menschen,das Leben unter New York City",Berlin 1994(ISBN 3-87584-
522-6)
TRASTON,S.:"Wendeklo",Frankfurt 1998(ISBN 3-8218-3538-9)
UDUVERELA,B.:"Gerüchte,die Probleme machen",IN:"Kassel-Sketchbooks",no2,Kassel 1999,pp:21-26
VAN TREECK,Bernhard:"Graffiti-Lexikon",Moers 1993(ISBN 3-463-00601-4)
VAN TREECK,Bernhand:"Graffiti Lexikon",Berlin 1998(ISBN 3-89602-160-5)
VAN TREECK,Bernhard:"Writer Lexikon",Moers 1995(ISBN 3-89535-428-7)
VON SENGER,H.:"Strategeme-Anleitungen zum Überleben".München 1996(ISBN 3-423-
30549-5)
WALLACE,J./WHITEHEAD,C.:"Graffiti removal and control",London 1989
WINKO,R.:"Graffiti-nur eine Sachbeschädigung?",IN:"Der Kriminalist"(11),1997(pp:483-486)
WRIGHT,Daniel:"Graffiti from Graceland",Memphis 1996,ISBN 0-914457-75-6
ZIMBARDO,P.G.:A field experiment in auto-shaping",IN:"Vandalism"(Ward,C.(Ed.))Lon-
don 1973
ZIMBARDO,P.G.:"Psychologie"(4.),Berlin 1983(ISBN 3-540-12123-4)
PRO-GRAFFITI-URLS:
ART CRIMES:................................................................http://www.graffiti.org/
DIGITAL JUNGLE:.......................................................http://www.graffiti.org/dj/
AEROSOL ART ARCHIVE...........................................http://travel.to/graffiti/
INT:WORK-GROUP ON GRAFFITI-RESEARCH:
http://www.graffiti.org/axel/index.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/
........................................./1.html
.................up to................
........................................./7.html
http://users.aol.com/archive1
ANTI-GRAFFITI-URLS:
National graffiti information network(NGIN):.................http://www.infowest.com/NGIN/
An anti-graffiti web page:.................................................http://www.doug.com/
http://www.mcquigg.com/graffiti.html
http://actg.canberra.edu.au/actg/dus/csg/org6/act7/graffiti.htm
http://www.graffitihurts.org/
http://chp.net/tagnet/
SEARCH-ENGINES:
http://www.askjeeves.com/ (meta-search engines)
http://www.alltheweb.com
http://www.northernlight.com
http://www.google.com(counts visitors at your page)
MISCELLANEOUS:
http.//www.inta.net/dkew/fista.html(Simon Sunderland)
FANZINES:
ADRENALIN
AKTION 4000(Germany)
APPRECIATE(USA)
ATTF(Germany)
BEASTIE BOYZ(Germany)
BACKJUMPS(Germany)
BLITZKRIEG(USA)
BOMBER(Netherlands)
DIGITAL JUNGLE(England)
FATCAP(Norway)
FLASHBACKS(USA)
GAME OVER(Spain)
HATEFUL(Italy)
HYPE(Australia)
KEEP ROLLIN(France)
MZEE(USA)
NOLIMITSTOFAME(Germany)
ON THE GO(USA)
SERVUS WIEN(Austria)
STYLE WARS(Germany)
TATTOO(USA)
TRUE COLORZ(Holland)
UNDERGROUND PRODUCTIONS(Sweden)
WANTED(Spain)
VOLUME ONE
XPLICIT GRAFX(France)
14K(Switzerland)
12 GRAD NORDOST(Germany)
VIDEOS:
GRAFFITI VERITE 1(USA 1997)
GRAFFITI VERITE 2(USA 1998)
STYLE WARS(USA)
WILD STYLE(USA)
---------------------------------------------
PAULS,Boris/SCHULDT,Petra:"Graffiti im aktuellen politischen Kontext",Köln 1997(Diplomarbeit)
PAULS,Boris/SCHULDT,Petra:"Axel Thiel-Kassel Graffiti-Archive and international work-group on graffiti-research(a video-interview)German"),Kassel/Köln 1997
FILMS:
West Side Story(fundamental)
Fahrenheit 451
A handmaid`s tale
1984
TV-REPORTS:
Germany:3sat(17-12-98("Das Geschäft mit der Dose"),19.20 p.m.
"Offener Kanal",Kassel("Vandalismus")
GRAFFITI-@-ZINES:
CRYLON...............................http://www.crylon.com/
DAMAGE...............................http://www.stl-group.com/user/damage/
GENERIC PICTURE.............http://www.geocities.com/soho/gallery/3417/
NO^CLUE^ZINE...................http://www.ingress.com/-blister/
VOICE OF THE GHETTO....http://www.inch.com/-votg/
WANTED................................http://www.geocities.com/soho/8083/
globally you may find a total of ca. 500 different fanzines.
WORLD WIDE GRAFFITI WEBRING:
http://webring.jaze.com/
AUTHORS ADDRESS:
Axel Thiel
Blücherstr.24,
D-34123 Kassel
(Germany)
ARCHIVE1@aol.com
Tel,fax.answering-device:GERMANY-561/55642
handy:GERMANY-177/50 83 847
int.work-group on graffiti-research
(AG psychosoziale Probleme und visuelle Kommunikation)
http://users.aol.com/archive1/
http://users.aol.com/archive1/A.html
http://users.aol.com/archive/Aa.html
http://users.aol.com/archive1/HOG.html
http://www.graffiti.org/axel/index.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/history
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/2.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/3.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/4.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/5.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/6.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/7.html
http://www.users.wineasy.se/m.i.c/graf/8.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/
http://www.krita.com/graf/2.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/3.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/4.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/5.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/6.html
http://www.krita.com/graf/7.html
Kassel(Germany)graffiti-archive:60 000 documents
FREE access for students and writers(760 in 21 years)
discussion-forum(subscription)
Axel Thiel(coordination)
THE textbook:
BOSMANS,B./THIEL,A.:"Guide to graffiti-research"(Gent 1995)
THE periodical:
"Einführung in die Grafitti-Forschung/introduction to graffiti-research"(Kassel 1983ff,33 parts)
(overview:
http://users.aol.com/archive1/)
Our publications(periodical)being available at following PUBLIC libarries in GERMANY:
DEUTSCHE BIBLIOTHEK(Frankfurt),
DEUTSCHE BÜCHEREI(Leipzig),
MURHARDT´SCHE BIBLIOTHEK/UNIVERSITÄTSBIBLIOTHEK
(Kassel),
SÄCHSISCHE STAATSBIBLIOTHEK(Dresden),
BAYERISCHE STAATSBIBLIOTHEK(München),
NIEDERSÄCHSISCHE LANDESBIBLIOTHEK(Hannover),
UNIVERSITÄTSBIBLIOTHEK(Bochum),
STADTBIBLIOTHEK(Köln)